The division of labour Essay Example for Free

The division of labour Essay But with five men specializing in their respective trades, they are not only able to provide sufficient pins for themselves, but also a surplus is generated from the mass production of the pin. As a result, manufacturers are able to keep up with the demands of a populated society. The division of labour clearly serves as an advantage to the economy. Smith reasons that the division of labour originates from mans tendency to barter (317). Smiths saying, Give me that which I want, and you shall have this which you want (318), accurately expresses mans method of attaining his needs. Man trades in self-interest but depends on others co-operation and assistance (318) to do so. The more man trades, the more wealth he acquires. Since the division on labour allows man to produce large amounts of surplus, he has the advantage to trade his surplus for a wealth of personal items. For example, a farmer who cultivates an excess amount of apples trades part of the surplus to a baker who in turn, provides the farmer with fresh bread. He also trades a large amount of the surplus to a grocer who pays him back with a large sum of money. The farmer becomes wealthy. The quantities produced through the division of labour multiply exponentially. According to Karl Marx, the division of labour occurs between the bourgeois and the proletarian. The bourgeois are a wealthy, dominant class interested in the trade of markets. European colonization during the Middle Ages allowed new markets (like Chinas gunpowder market or East Indias salt market) for the bourgeois to trade with. In Europe, the dominance of the Modern Industry caused the demands of the population ever rising (449). Consequently, the markets kept ever growing (449). The bourgeois, experienced in international trade, were able to handle the growing European economy. Wealthy from their international trades, the bourgeois set up giant factories using proletarians, low class workers, for the manual labour of the production of goods. The large amount of accumulated labour allowed the bourgeois to keep up with the populations growing demand. The influence of the modern industry forces the proletarians to work with machinery, [obliterating] all distinctions of labour, and nearly everywhere reduces the wages to the same low level (454). To the bourgeois, the poor labourers who must sell themselves piece-meal, are a commodity (452). Due to the low wages paid by the bourgeois, the proletarians can only support their existence. Neither luxuries nor freedom are affordable. For example, culture-a luxury-is a proletarians loss which he laments (459). Without it, these labourers without option are forced to act as a machine (459). While the bourgeois have independence because of their wealth, the poor proletarians are dependent and [have] no individuality (458). With their freedom denied by the bourgeois, the proletarians congregate nation-wide into a Trade Union to revolt against the selfish bourgeois-The abolition of bourgeois individuality, bourgeois independence, and bourgeois freedom is undoubtedly aimed at (458). The bourgeois, threatened by the proletarians, have no choice but to grant them better living conditions. From the division of labour between the proletarians and the bourgeois, various characteristics of human nature are illustrated. A main characteristic is the dependence which humans have for one another, no matter their societal status. In Communist Manifesto, we witness the bourgeois depend on the proletarians. The proletarians in turn depend on the bourgeois for a source of income. Another characteristic is the greed shown by the bourgeois. In an attempt to accumulate as much wealth as possible, the bourgeois pay the proletarians a smaller amount of what they deserve. The bourgeois care only for the proletarians existence because they provide the bourgeois with wealth. Humans also need freedom to live. The consequences of denying freedom are dangerous, as witnessed with the proletarians-they destroy imported wares that compete with their labour, the smash to pieces machinery, they set factories ablaze until they restore by force the vanished status of the workman of the Middle Ages (453). Dependence, greed, and freedom are characteristics of human nature. If these characteristics are manipulated or ignored, destructive events could occur, as described by Marx in Communist Manifesto. The men, in search of an effective ideology, present their different views on human nature. Human nature is the basis upon which the men reason the causes of the division of labour. Since their perspectives are not identical, their reasons of the causes of the division of labour also are not identical. Rousseau sees human nature as progressive. From basic instincts come the ability to reason, and from reason comes the division of society. The inequality in the division then leads to the slow corruption of the society. Smith, on the other hand, sees the division of labour as an advantage to the economy because it stems from an innate tendency to trade. Marx sees the presence of the division of labour due to the innate vices that plague society. Out of greed, the bourgeois gain from the poor proletarians whom they depend on. But the proletarians retaliate and regain their essential freedom. While the men fail to seek a suitable ideology that gladly accommodates the vices of human nature, we witness the true power of its vices as it persists to plague man. Work Cited Cohen, Mitchell and Nicole Fermon, ed. Princeton Readings in Political Thought. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1996.

grahams gas law :: essays research papers

GAS LAWS KINETIC ENERGY/ GRAHAM’S LAW LAB Purpose: To observe how masses of atoms and molecules affect their rate of diffusion, and explain our observations in terms of mass, velocity, kinetic energy and temperature. Warm-up Question: 1. What is the definition of temperature? Temperature is a measure of the average Kinetic Energy of the particles composing a material. 2. What is the definition of diffusion? Diffusion is a spontaneous spreading of particles until they are uniformly distributed in their container. 3. If we increase the temperature of sample of gas, then what about the gas molecules will have to change? The gas molecules would begin to increase in speed since the temperature would increase. 4. The element iodine (I2) diffuses more slowly than ethanol (CH3CH2CH2OH). Why is this? Iodine is heavier in atomic mass then ethanol, slowing down its process to diffuse. Iodine weighs 253.6u while ethanol weighs 60.03u, giving ethanol a faster diffusions rate. Procedure A: 1. Obtain a glass tube and wash it with water. Dry the outside of the tube with a paper towel. Next, squirt some acetone into the tube. A small amount is all that is needed. Then dry the inside of the tube by passing air through the tube (use a fan, the window, blow through it, etc.) 2. Use chalk to label one end of your lab station, "HC1," and the other end, "NH3." 3. Lay the glass tube on the table and place the thermometer on the table next to the tube. 4. !!!CATION!!! THE NH3 AND THE HCI ARE IN VERY CONCENTRATED FORMS. DO NOT ALLOW EITHER CHEMICAL TO COME INTO CONTACT WITH YOUR SKIN. IF THE NH3 OR HCl SPILLS, GET A DAMP PAPER TOWEL AND CLEAN IT UP IMMEDIATELY!!! 5. Obtain 1 small bottle of HCI and 1 small bottle of NH3. Place each bottle in their respective ends of the lab table. Obtain forceps, label them, "HC1" or â€Å"NH3"with tape, and place them at their respective end of the lab table. 6. Record the temperature of the air around the tube in the data table. 7. Separate the cotton ball into pieces small enough to stuff into the ends of the glass tube. Do not put them into the tube yet. 8. While holding the cotton ball with the forceps, place 4 drops of HCl or NH3 (whichever corresponds to the label on the forceps). 9. Repeat step 8 with the other chemical. You should now have two small cotton balls, one with 7 drops of HCI, one with 7 drops of NH3. Keep them at their respective ends of the lab station.

Samsung Electronic

Executive Summary There are many ways specifically in innovation that Samsung is doing well. There is no doubt that they are one of the leaders in their industry. With so many products and product lines there many facets that Samsung is involved in maybe too many. There may need to be more focused. There is a large market that Samsung has but there is still more of the target group that can be reached. Green products have become more important to consumers however the approach to green technology Samsung is taking needs to be directed a different way.Samsung Distribution ChannelThe slowing of buying behavior in the U. S. and recession has made the need for entertainment important to everyone but included in this is the need to be financially savvy. This mindset is a gap that can be filled through marketing properly to the consumers sharing this mindset by purchasing Samsung electronics and staying home to save money essay writer in uk. Introduction Samsung has made many changes throu ghout the years to increase their market share and grow to be one of the top companies in electronics. There has been a growing focus on innovation and design.Samsung has done this by studying target markets in depth. They do this by study groups, creating innovative design labs and sending designers around the world to study museums and architecture. With the target market’s needs and expectations changing more focuses on green technology and the spending habits of consumers has changed. Samsung started with designing and creating simple electronics and now are in a variety of products outside of computers and televisions. This is a problem Samsung is facing is too many focuses instead of how they started in specializing in a few specific products.Samsung has done well in creating design centers across the world that can help study a specific localized target market but when you are designing for so many different target markets whose needs change based on region it can be v ery expensive. There are some generic products that can be made and sold worldwide but you are looking at a high expense for the company. Situation Analysis With the focus of Samsung products having the perfect feel and function, they are doing a great job of studying the needs and wants of the consumer.The innovation awards that have been won throughout the years show their focus and employees is spot on to where they need to be and with sales every year increasing, the current plan they is successful. The company is already aware of some problems and most are specific to products they are creating. Solar panels they are struggling with over supply and price erosion. Electronic batteries where there is such a small demand. Medical devices and biotech drugs face the same issue of having a large chance of competitors to enter the market. All of these things are associated with green technology.There problems are being created and could be avoided by focusing on making their current p roducts more â€Å"green† instead of creating new products. Reducing their carbon footprint is one way they can look at still being involved in the growing green industry. The recession has affected all businesses especially in the United States. The consumers buying entertainment items have decreased but this fact can also be an opportunity to Samsung. There is a way to focus on the costs of going out versus buying a nice 3D television or HD television and staying at home.With so many companies producing similar products the competition that Samsung faces can put a decline in market share within certain product categories. Samsung has the resources and ability to do what they want globally in every product category. The company seems to be willing to make changes and take risks despite the potential payoff or loss. With a large amount of revenue this will allow Samsung to test multiple options without it hurting their productivity and money flow. AlternativesOne alternative Samsung could do is limiting the locations of design centers. Currently the locations span the globe and for the president to be involved in every location would require traveling basically the entire time. To keep a more focused eye on productivity and keep the CEO connected and less reliant on managers and supervisors to relay information. Focus on making current product â€Å"green† from packaging to ways of transportation to export their products across the world. Some of the current products are not selling well and there is an oversupply.By taking focus away from those products this will help save money or use the current money being put in these investments to better use. Recommendations I would recommend Samsung doing a full financial and cost analysis on each product line and see what the top selling products are and make a list of all the products and their ranks in selling. I would suggest doing this annually so they are able to compare from year to year. With this information Samsung will be able to eliminate products that are wasting money and continue to improve and invest in innovation for the products that are selling well.Even taking away some the products that don’t sell well and focusing on the top sellers will help make Samsung be known for making specialized products. Instead of focusing on new green products limit the amount of new green innovation for now and focus on making the current products more â€Å"green†. In addition to narrowing focus on successful products there should be more meeting held to compare the target market research that happens at the many design centers across the world to verify similarities and differences within markets. This will help keep communication open and ideas flowing.If there is a need to continue the green technology product line there needs to be a slowing of production and very detailed account of what is selling from season to geographic location. If there is demand that start s to build then an increase of production would be suggested. In the United States, Samsung is the number one television brand. Although the country is in a recession there is still a large market and amount of money being spent on entertainment. Samsung should start a marketing campaign to show the value in making a large purchase such as a television and watching movies at home.There is no doubt that it is expensive to go to the movies. It is a reasonable idea that buying an HD television or even a 3D television can provide just as good if not better experience then going to the movies. Most of the older generations like to keep very standard electronics and do not need or desire electronics with all the bells and whistles that a younger generation would want. There is an opening to market to the baby boomer generation. These older generations have money and if their old televisions go out or they are want to keep in touch with family they will be looking for something that is sim ple and satisfies their needs.Making a simpler design that could be geared to the older generation is a market within the electronics industry that should be looked at. In addition there is a brand loyalty that is there with this older generation. Brand loyalty when it comes to electronics is becoming rarer with many consumers going with products that number one meet their cost requirement. There are so many competitors that offer similar products. Getting the consumer to keep buying your brand will continue to be a main goal for every company.

Developing Emotional Intelligence By Daniel Goleman Essay

Developing Emotional Intelligence The concept of analyzing people has driven the development of various techniques to identify and define specific traits in an individual. There are IQ tests, learning styles, and personality profiles, the organizer, the thinkers, or the persuaders which one matches. The data collected is applied to disclose career paths, growth, and success. Today’s business environment is demanding; workers are asked to do more with less. Employees are accountable for their performance, which intensifies the anxiety to achieve. To cope with the stress the ability to monitor and recognize emotions is indispensable. Psychologist and writer Daniel Goleman commercialized a theory known as emotional intelligence with the best-selling book Emotional Intelligence. The publication examined Goleman’s argument that intellectual intelligence is not enough on its own to be successful in life that non-cognitive skills are required to flourish (Goleman, 1998). Emoti onal intelligence is the aptitude to distinguish, manage, and evaluate emotions in yourself and others, and utilize the knowledge to effectively communicate (Cherniss Goleman, 2001). Emotional Intelligence (EQ) The idea of Emotional Intelligence dates back to the early 20th century, the phrase first emerged in 1985 in a thesis written by Wayne Payne (Motivation Theories, 2015). Emotional intelligence impacts various faà §ades of daily life, both personal and professional. ResearchersShow MoreRelatedBSHS465LeahPerryWk1AnalysisVidPaper1177 Words   |  5 Pagesbalance and care. Daniel Goleman, a psychologist and author, believes the four domains of emotional intelligence are self-awareness, self-management, empathy, and the combination of the above. When these four domains work congruently it stabilizes an individual in both work and home relationship (Goleman, 2013). A human service worker offers an effective service to the client when socially balanced and focused on developi ng healthy levels of emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is demonstratedRead MoreEssay about Emotionally Intelligent Leadership1226 Words   |  5 Pages More recently, is the work of Daniel Goleman. Goleman defines emotional intelligence as a blend of Gardner’s interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence. Goleman suggests â€Å"softer skills such as empathy, intuition, self and social awareness are what distinguish great leaders and successful companies†. 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That’s means emotional intelligence has a lot of importance in business ethics. Although emotional intelligence is a abilityRead MoreUnemployment And Underemployment Of College Graduates1072 Words   |  5 Pag esreport indicated that less jobs required general intelligence associated intelligence quotient (Shierholz et al., 2014, Para 4). Employers may demand a new skill set. BUSINESS AND EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE Importance of Emotional Intelligence Demand for teaching college students with a new skill set has increased among college educators. Learning and developing hard skills such as technical and cognitive skills is important; however, learning and developing soft skills are as much important. Liptak (2005)Read MoreAn Individual s Level Of Emotional Intelligence1524 Words   |  7 PagesAn individual’s level of emotional intelligence can have an impact on their performance as a teacher? 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He introduces us to the topic and the history of the brain, discusses the importance of it in our lives, marriage, and business, and concludesRead More Emotional Intelligence And The Mind Team1318 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Smit The Mind Team (n.d), Emotional Intelligence is the ability to recognize your emotions, understand what they re telling you, and realize how your emotions affect people around you. It also involves your perception of others; when you are knowledgeably aware of people s feelings, you are able to manage relationships more effectively. During my time at my former job at a commercial bank in Nigeria, I had the privilege of working with a boss who had the superior quality of payingRead MoreEQ is More Important than IQ1452 Words   |  6 PagesIn the book written by Daniel Goleman (1995) called ‘Emotional Intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ’ explains how we have two minds. The emotional and rational mind, and they both operate in tight agreement for the most part. Usually there is a balance between the two, the rational mind mostly refining and time-to-time vetoing the inputs of our emotions. But still, they are semi-independent, each reflecting the operation of distinct, but interconnected, electrical structure in the brain.